Direct & Indirect Speech

Next topic is about Direct & Indirect Speech.

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Definition

Direct Speech refers to reproducing another person’s exact words or saying exactly what someone has said (sometimes called quoted speech)
We use quotation marks (“__________”) and it should be world for word

For Example :
Nicky said, “it’s hot Or “it’s hot, “Nicky said”

Indirect speech refers to reproducing the idea of another person’s words
that doesn’t use quotation marks to enclose what the person said and it doesn’t have to be word for word.
Indirect Speech is sometimes called reported speech.

The tense usually changes when reporting speech this is because we are usually talking about a time in the post and obviously the person who spoke or ginally spoke in the past.

Changing of tenses

For example:

Direct speech and Indirect speech

Present simple Past simple

Via said, “I eat fried rice”. Via said that she ate fried rice.

Past simple Past Perfect

Mother said, “I went to market yesterday”. Mother said (that) she had gone to market the day before.

Future simple Past Future

Dea said, “I am going to wash my clothes”. Dea said (that) she was going to wash her clothes.

Deva said, “I will buy an I-Pod next week”. Deva said (that) he would buy an I-Pod the week after.

Present continuous Past continuous

Rama said, “I am playing football”. Rama said he was playing football.

Past continuous Past perfect continuous

She said, “I was teaching earlier.” She said she had been teaching earlier.

In time expressions and pronouns

Direct speech	Indirect speech
Now Today/tonight Yesterday Tomorrow Last week Next week Ago	Then That day/that night The day before/the previous day The next/following day The previous week The following week/the week after Before
This/these Here Pronouns	That/those There They change according to the context